NREL APPOINTS INTERIM DIRECTOR
 Dr. Dennis Ojima, NREL Senior Research Scientist,
has been named the NREL Interim Director, replacing Dr. Diana
Wall who has served as Director since 1993.
Dr. Ojima’s research areas include global climate and land-use
change effects on ecosystem dynamics related to carbon sequestration,
trace gas emissions, and the contributions to informed decision
making. He is also leading a major research effort associated with
the North American Carbon Project to better understand ecosystem
carbon and trace emissions across the continental U.S.
Among his many accomplishments and activities, Ojima has been an
Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellow since 1998, and is currently co-chair
of the Global Land Project that aims to implement a research strategy
that integrates human dimension and ecological sciences to study
the interactions of global environmental changes and land system
processes. He is a member of the U.S. National Scientific Committee
on Problems in the Environment Committee and a governing board member
of the Ecological Society of America.
 A reception honoring Dr. Wall for her service and many contributions
to NREL during her term as Director was held on September 2. She
will remain at NREL as a Senior Research Scientist exploring how
soil biodiversity contributes to healthy, productive soils, and the
consequences of human activities on soil sustainability. She has
been active in the scientific community as president of the Ecological
Society of America, current chair of the Scientific Society of Presidents,
co-chair of the Aldo Leopold Leadership Program, and member of the
U.S. National Commission for the United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization.
The Dean of the Warner College of Natural Resources, Dr. Joyce
Berry is quoted as saying “Diana Wall has been an outstanding and
successful leader of the NREL. She is not only one of the nation's
leading ecosystem scientists, she is a visionary administrator who
has championed interdisciplinary research and inspired a community
of NREL scientists whose work is at the forefront of our most pressing
global environmental issues. Through her impressive
hard work and exceptional dedication, NREL has grown and prospered
as a recognized leader in international ecosystem research.”
NREL IN THE LIMELIGHT
Dr. Eldor Paul was presented the Soil Ecology
Society Professional Achievement Award during the Soil Ecology
Conference banquet in Argonne, Illinois in May. The Society recognizes
one scientist at its biannual meeting for his/her outstanding contributions
to science and education in soil ecology. Speakers at the meeting highlighted
Eldor's many contributions during his career while serving at the
Univ. of Saskatchewan Canada, Univ. of California, Berkeley,
Michigan State Univ., Lansing, and NREL.
Dr. Stephen Ogle (NREL) was awarded funding from
EPA for “National Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reporting
of Soil Organic C and N2O Emissions,” with collaborators Drs.
Steve Del Grosso (USDA-ARS), Keith Paustian (Soil & Crop
Sciences/NREL) and Bill Parton (NREL). The team
will provide national greenhouse gas emission and removal estimates
for soil C and N2O to the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change, creating a greater consistency in methods and reporting
between these two source categories.
 Dr. Karolien Denef was awarded a three-year Postdoctoral
Fellowship from the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research
for her project “Characterization of the Ecological and Biogeo-chemical
Functionality of Microbial Community Structures via Molecular and
Component-specific Isotope Analyses.” She will be working in
the Laboratory for Applied Physical Chemistry (ISOFYS) of Prof. Dr.
Ir. Pascal Boeckx and Prof. Dr. Ir. Oswald Van Cleemput at the Univ.
of Gent. She also recently married Jorin Botte,
past NREL MS student with Dr. Jill Baron (USGS/NREL)
and Research Associate for NREL. They are now residing in Belgium
pursuing their new careers.
Dr. Paddy Sullivan, past NREL PhD student, Dr.
Jeff Welker (Univ. of Alaska, Anchorage/NREL), advisor,
was awarded an NSF Office of Polar Programs 3-year Postdoctoral
Fellowship enabling him to carry out his scientific research and
education at the Univ. of Alaska, Anchorage. While this program
is new in OPP, these awards are considered extremely competitive,
reflecting the high potential the panelists and NSF Program Officers
see for Paddy’s career.
APPOINTMENTS
Dr. Keith Paustian (Soil & Crop Sciences/NREL)
was appointed to the US Climate Change Scientific Steering Committee,
which provides advice to all Federal agencies involved in climate
and global change research.
Drs. Keith Paustian and Rich Conant (NREL)
were named lead authors on chapters for the State of the Carbon
Cycle Report (SOCCR). The SOCCR was commissioned to review the
status of carbon cycle science knowledge and research and will
be completed in 2005.
A new Colorado Forest Restoration Institute, established in the
Warner College of Natural Resources by an act of Congress, was
officially named by the Secretary of Agriculture in March, with
a charter signed by Governor Owens in June. Dr. Dan
Binkley (FRWS/GDPE/NREL) is the Director. The developing
goals of the Institute are to improve the health of ponderosa pine
forests and pinyon-juniper woodlands, and to reduce risks of catastrophic
wildfires.
Special Events
Dr. Jill Baron gave presentations to the Colorado
Institute for Leadership Training and to the Colorado Directors
of Environmental Health on atmospheric nitrogen deposition and
ecological consequences in Rocky Mountain National Park. The
topic is gathering wide interest, along with other air pollution
issues in the state. Media coverage included radio and newspapers.
Dr. Baron spoke on the “Value of Long-Term Monitoring Data
in Alpine Catchments for Indicating Climatic and Environmental
Change” at a Gordon Research Conference on Catchment Science
at Colby College in Maine. She also presented “Appropriation
of Mountain Resources across Altitudinal Gradients in the Rocky
Mountains, and Possible Remedies” at the Global Change in
Mountain Regions workshop in Samedan, Switzerland.
Dr. Tom Hobbs (FRWS/NREL) conducted fieldwork
with Dr. Robin Reid (International Livestock Research
Institute/NREL) in the Mara region of Kenya in May. They studied
the influence of land use by pastoralists on the spatial distribution
of wildlife.
Drs. Dennis Ojima and Richard Aspinall (Arizona
State Univ.), co-chairs of the Global Land Project, established
its Executive Committee: Sandra Diaz (Argentina), Billie L. Turner
(USA), and Tom Veldkamp (The Netherlands). They met at Clark Univ.,
Worcester, MA in August.
Integrated Global Observations of the Land (IGOL) Theme for the
Group on Earth Observations Systems of Systems (GEOSS) held its
second meeting in Reston, VA, at USGS headquarters in August. NREL
scientists Dr. Dennis Ojima (member of the team)
and Dr. Richard Conant (appointed to assist in
drafting the IGOL report) were attendees. The IGOL effort will
provide a global strategy for in situ and remotely sensed land
observations to be implemented internationally.
Dr. Dennis Ojima attended the NEON modeling planning
meeting held at the Ecosystem Center at Woods Hole Marine Biological
Laboratory in August. The report from the NEON meeting provides
a strategy for the use of various modeling applications and recommends
that each NEON Observatory should include an explicit modeling
component integral to its design and ongoing operations. In addition,
it needs to dedicate resources to support modeling within the categories
of cyber-infrastructure tools and equipment, forecast capabilities,
and outreach.
Drs. Dennis Ojima and Keith Paustian attended
the workshop on Decision Support and Carbon Cycle Science: Practical
Strategies to Reconciling the Supply of and Demand for Carbon Cycle
Science, in Boulder, CO in June. The meeting focused on how to provide
sound scientific information to decision makers involved in managing
carbon (C) at various levels from policy to land and energy resources.
The concept of managing C is relatively new in the spectrum of managing
natural resources or environmental issues. The purpose of the workshop
was to set a strategy to identify trade-offs and uncertainties related
to C cycles that have been well communicated to decision makers.
Dr. Keith Paustian, Mark Easter, and Kendrick Killian (NREL)
attended a project meeting in Nairobi, Kenya, in May to present final results
as part of a project funded by the UN Global Environmental Facility, USAID,
and other international agencies to develop soil carbon modeling capabilities
in developing countries in the tropics. The meetings were opened by the
Deputy Director of the UN Environmental Program (UNEP) and attended by representatives
from more than 10 countries.
Drs. Keith Paustian and Stephen Ogle (NREL)
attended an IPCC meeting in Moscow, Russia in July as lead authors for the
2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. This document
will provide methods and guidelines for all countries in the UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change for preparing national estimates of greenhouse gas inventories
for the next 10 years.
Dr. Keith Paustian was a keynote speaker for the Italian
Ecological Society’s 15th Annual Congress, “Environment, Resources,
and Sustainability” in Turin, Italy in September. He presented “Soils,
Global Change, and Global Sustainability.”
Dr. Tom Stohlgren (USGS/NREL), Catherine Jarnevich, Paul
Evangelista (NREL), and the National Institute of Invasive Species Science
research team hosted the USGS-NASA Science Team meeting to communicate invasive
species forecasting capabilities to land managers, researchers, and scientists. The
team also demonstrated field techniques to capture information on tamarisk
locations to improve predictive models for management.
In June, Dr. Diana Wall participated in the US Commission
meeting of UNESCO and the Island Press Board Meeting in Washington, DC. She
also attended the ALLP Fellows training in Connecticut.
Drs. Diana Wall, Johnson Nkem, and Ed Ayres (NREL)attended
the Soil Ecology Society 10th Biennial International Conference “Linkages
in Soil Ecology” held at the Argonne National Laboratory, IL in May.
Johnson presented “Groundwater Seeps in a Cold Desert Ecosystem: Community
Changes in Soil Invertebrates in the McMurdo Dry Valleys” authored with
Drs. Wall, Ross Virginia and John Barrett (Dartmouth), and Byron Adams (BYU).
In July, Drs. Wall, Nkem, and Ayres attended
the McMurdo LTER Meeting and the PI Meeting at Portland State Univ. They presented
a poster with Drs. Virginia, Barrett, and Adams entitled “Changes in
Soil Invertebrate Habitat from Moisture Addition from Snow Fences at Taylor
Valley, Antarctica.”
Dr. Randy Boone (NREL) attended the semi-annual Global Livestock
Collaborative Research Support Program meeting and the International Grasslands
Congress, in Dublin, Ireland in late June. He presented results that quantified
the profits Kazakhstan herders may expect from cashmere sales and effects of
fragmentation on livestock stocking.
In August, Dr. Boone gave a presentation at the International
Mammological Congress in Sapporo, Japan on the first empirical evidence that
spatial variability in vegetation across landscapes influenced wild herbivore
dynamics. More variable vegetation provided elk and bison in the Rocky Mountain
region with more diverse areas to use while foraging, which lessened density
dependent population effects. Dr. Boone’s research was conducted with
Drs. Tom Hobbs and Guiming Wang (NREL).
Drs. Rich Conant (NREL) and Joe vonFischer (Biology/NREL)
have concluded the first Summer Ecology Research Program (SERP). Six undergraduate
researchers attended a series of professional development seminars, carried
out independent research projects, and presented results at a symposium in
August. The program was devised to enhance the participation of undergraduates
in ecological research. Positive responses were received from all participants
(students, mentors, granting agencies, and others). If interested in being
involved next year, please contact Joe jcvf@lamar.colostate.edu or
Rich conant@nrel.colostate.edu.
Drs. Niall Hanan and Chris Williams (NREL)
hosted a meeting for the African Carbon Exchange (ACE) project to discuss its’ recent
progress and current directions. Attendees included core investigators Drs.
Joe Berry (Global Ecology Lab, Carnegie Institution, Stanford), Bob Scholes
(Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa), Jason Neff
(Dept. of Geological Sciences, Univ. of Colorado), and Scott Denning (Atmospheric
Sciences Dept., CSU). ACE focuses on reducing uncertainty regarding the
role of Africa in the global carbon cycle. The science relies on merging a
suite of techniques including point-based flux observations, distributed atmospheric
sampling, biogeochemical modeling, and inverse solution methods. Following
the meeting, Sally Archibald, a South African student of Bob Scholes', visited
NREL for a two-week training on the Simple Biosphere model that will be used
extensively in this project.
Dr. Jackie Grant, a post-doc with Dr. Dave Theobald (Natural
Resource Recreation and Tourism/NREL), spent the summer in Honduras working
with Operation Wallace on butterfly diversity in disturbed and recovering
tropical forests. Dr. Grant is a fellow with the David H. Smith Conservation
Research Fellowship Program administered by the Society for Conservation
Biology (formerly by The Nature Conservancy-TNC Smith Fellowship). Drs. Dave
Theobald and Dave Merritt (USDA/NREL) were also TNC Smith fellows.
Dr. Gary Wockner (NREL) co-edited a book, Comeback Wolves:
Western Writers Welcome the Wolf Home. Wockner, a member of the Colorado
Wolf Working Group, contacted 50 western writers and solicited original essays
in support of wolf restoration in Colorado and the Southwest. Comeback
Wolves includes essays from well-known writers, such as Rick Bass, Pam
Houston, and John Nichols, and includes a foreword by Congressman Mark Udall.
See www.comebackwolves.com for more
information
Ed Ayres
|
Johnson Nkem |
Drs. Ed Ayres and Johnson Nkem collected
soils from Bonanza Creek LTER and Toolik Lake LTER in Alaska as part of the
NSF Ecosystems Grant “Global Patterns of Soil Biodiversity: Implications
for Ecosystem Function” (PI: Dr. Diana Wall,
Co-PIs, Drs. Jim Garey (Florida) and Richard Bardgett [UK]). The project
aims to determine soil species richness along a latitudinal gradient from
tropical to polar regions and whether hotspots of aboveground biodiversity
correspond to belowground hotspots. Future sampling sites include Ecuador,
Argentina, South Africa, Antarctica and New Zealand.
ESA NEWS
Several NREL scientists and graduate students attended the 90th
Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America in Montreal,
Canada in August. A few highlights include:
Dr. Tom Hobbs presented “Prions, People,
and Wildlife: Identifying Critical Scales of Interaction in Mule
Deer Populations” with co-authors Matt Farnsworth, Jennifer
Hoeting, and Mike Miller. He also displayed a poster entitled “Composite
Forces Shape Population Dynamics of a Tropical Copepod Crustacean” with
co-author SaranTwombly.
Dr. Diana Wall was the ESA-ALLP Workshop Co-chair.
She presented “Ecosystem Services and the Millennium Development
Goals” as an invited speaker at the Millennium Ecosystems
Assessment Symposium. A poster entitled“Sources
of Soil Moisture and Their Impacts on Soil Biodiversity in Taylor
Valley, Antarctica” was presented by Drs. Johnson
Nkem, Diana Wall, Ross Virginia, John Barrett, and Byron
Adams. An oral presentation entitled “Soil Biodiversity and
Ecosystem Functioning across a Latitudinal Gradient in Victoria
Land, Antarctica” was given by Drs. John Barrett, Ross Virginia,
Diana Wall, Byron Adams, and Craig Cary (Univ. of Waikato, New
Zealand).
Drs. D.F. Sax (Univ. of GA), G.D. Tilman (Univ. of MN), and Tom
Stohlgren, organized a symposium “The Invasion
Paradox: Reconciling Biodiversity and Invasion Patterns across
Spatial Scales.”
Cathy Stewart, PhD grad student, (Dr.
Keith Paustian, advisor) was awarded first place in
the grad student poster competition for her poster entitled “13C
Stabilization in Functional C Pools after 2.5 Years Incubation:
Implications for C Saturation Theory.”
VISITORS
Visiting scientists Drs. Manuel Toro and Victoria
Bermejo came to NREL in August to work with Dr.
Jill Baron. Manuel is a limnologist at the Center for
Hydrographic Studies in Madrid, Spain. His research focuses on
1) development of biological (macroinvertebrates) monitoring
networks of aquatic ecosystems; 2) limnology and palaeolimnology
of high mountain and Antarctic lakes; and 3) technical implementation
of the European Water Framework Directive in Spain. While at
NREL, his Fullbright Fellowship will allow him to observe methods
for long term monitoring of the effects of climatic change on
watersheds, the use of models for the assessment of those effects
on aquatic ecosystems, and their applicability for the Spanish
basins.
Victoria is an Environmental Researcher at the Center of Environmental,
Energetic, and Technological Research (CIEMAT, Ministry of Science
and Education, Spain). She is an ecophysiologist specialized in
tropospheric ozone effects on plants and involved in the definition
of the critical levels of ozone for Mediterranean vegetation in
the framework of the UN Convention on long-range Transboundary
Atmospheric Pollution (CLRTAP, Geneva Convention). While on sabbatical
at NREL, Viki will work with physiologists beginning to explore
the status of vegetation exposed to ozone in Rocky Mountain National
Park.
Dr. Bill Parton is hosting two visiting scientists. Dr.
Whendee Silver, Professor, ecosystem ecologist, and
biogeochemist on sabbatical from UC Berkeley, came to NREL to
take advantage of the opportunities to learn the Century model
and to interact with the diverse population of NREL staff and
students. Dr. Eduardo de Sa Mendonca, Professor,
Soil Science Dept., Federal Univ. of Vicosa, Brazil is learning
how Century models phosphorus cycling in tropical soils with
Bill and Cindy Keough for the next six months.
Jeremey Goodell, on a 6-month internship from
Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA, is working on the NIISS databases
with Dr. Tom Stohlgren’s team.
GRAD STUDENT NEWS
Award
Moffatt Ngugi’s (Dr. Rich Conant,
advisor) NASA Earth System Science Fellowship was renewed for another
year of funding. Moffatt attended the NASA Biodiversity and Ecological
Forecasting Meeting in Washington, DC at the end of August to present
part of his first years’ work.
 NREL PhD grad student, Khishig Jamiyansharav (Dr.
Dennis Ojima, advisor) conducted field work in Mongolia
this past summer to better understand the global warming process
in the continental region. Meteorological stations’ microclimate
exposure characteristics were surveyed in 17 stations in 17 different
province centers, including the capital city of Ulaanbaatar.
This research was funded by NASA and a Mongolian Governmental
fellowship for the Land Use Cover in Temperate East Asia (LUCTEA)
project, Dennis Ojima (PI), concentrating on 9 GCON sites.
New students
Eli Knapp is a PhD student with Dr. Kathy
Galvin (Anthropology/NREL), advisor. During the
last year, he has been studying in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
and is now embarking on coursework/data analysis as part of the
NSF Biocomplexity Project. Eli received his BS in Biology from
Houghton College in western NY and his MS in Conservation Planning
at the Donald Bren School of Environmental Science & Management
at the Univ. of CA, Santa Barbara.
Megan Steinweg and Michelle Haddix are
MS students with Dr. Rich Conant, advisor. They
share the NREL Program in Research and Scholarly Excellence (PRSE)
Graduate Research Associate award and are working on Dr. Conant’s
NSF-funded project “Vulnerability of Soil Organic Matter
to Temperature Changes: Exploring Constraints Due to Substrate
Decomposability and Microbial Community Structure.”
Stephanie Owens is an MS graduate student working
with Dr. Joe vonFischer, advisor. She is
a New York native and earned her BS from the State Univ. of New
York School of Environment and Forestry. For the last two years,
she has been working in Telluride.
Dr. Mohammed Kalkhan (NREL) is advising two new
graduate students. Diane Abendroth, an MSc student,
is a Fire Effect Specialist from Grand Teton National Park (GRTE),
and is working with Dr. Kalkhan on fuel loading, fire and burn
severity, geospatial information (remote sensing, GIS, GPS), and
other landscape analysis. Cory Bolen, MS student,
has been conducting field work this summer at GRTE to collect data
on forest fuel loading characteristics. Both are receiving funding
from the National Park Service and GRTE through NREL.
Don Carpenter is an MS student with advisors
Drs. John Stednick (FRWS) and Tom Stohlgren; Dr.
Geneva Chong (USGS/NREL) serves on his committee. Don will work
on several USGS-funded projects as he pursues his research and
studies.
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS
Ojima, D.S., T. Kohyama, J. Canadell, and L.F.
Pitelka (eds.), Forest Ecosystems and Environment: Scaling
up from Shoot Module to Watershed, was recently published.
This book was produced by a Japanese research group studying global
change effects on forested ecosystems in Asia.
Wall, D.H., A. Fitter, and E. Paul. 2005. Developing
new perspectives from advances in soil biodiversity research. In:
R.D. Bardgett, M.B. Usher, and D.W. Hopkins, eds. Biological
Diversity and Function in Soils, British Ecological Society,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Wall, D.H. 2005. Global change impacts on soil
biodiversity in grassland ecosystem. Pages 291-295 In: T.E. Lovejoy
and L. Hannah, eds. Climate Change and Biodiversity. Yale
Press. London.
Stohlgren, T.J., D. Guenther, P. Evangelista,
and N. Alley. 2005. Patterns of plant rarity, endemism, and uniqueness
in an arid landscape. Ecological Applications 15:715-725.
Stohlgren, T.J., D. Barnett, C. Flather, J. Kartesz,
and B. Peterjohn. 2005. Plant species invasions along the latitudinal
gradient in the United States. Ecology 86(9): 2298-2309.
Dr Ed Ayres and colleagues recently had a paper
published in Science 309:1711-1713 entitled “Rising
Atmospheric CO2 Reduces Sequestration of Root-derived Soil Carbon.
The research, which involved growing over 500 trees in eight tons
of soil, showed that despite modest increases in tree biomass and
photosynthesis, elevated CO2 concentrations increased soil microbial
respiration and markedly reduced the storage of ‘new’ carbon
in the soil. These findings indicate that if similar effects are
seen in forest ecosystems, carbon storage by soils may be substantially
reduced in the near future, potentially resulting in a positive
feedback on the rate of increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration.
The article can be found at: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/
abstract/309/5741/1711
UVB NEWS
Dr. James Slusser and Dr. Wei Gao (co-chairs), Dr.
John Davis, Dr. Zhiqiang Gao, Roger Tree, and George
Janson gave presentations at the Ultraviolet Ground-
and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects Conference
held during the International Society of Optical Engineering
(SPIE) annual meeting in San Diego, CA. Dr. Gao also co-chaired
the Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability
II Conference. Congratulations to Dr. Gao who was honored as
a Fellow of the SPIE. The Society only recognizes about 3% of
its 16,000 plus members as Fellows.
 Dr. Wei Gao was appointed as a member of the
China Meteorological Administration board of advisors. The board
will work to draw a broad spectrum of ideas and implement projects
for the sustained development and modernization of meteorological
services in China. He was also appointed as a guest professor of
Peking Univ., China. In May, he served as co-secretary general
of the ‘International Symposium of Remote Sensing and Space
Technology for Multidisciplinary Research and Application’ and
the ‘Second IMAPP Training Workshop,’ in Peking.
Welcome to Scott Janssen, computer administrator,
bringing an extensive background in business and finance.
Three international scientists visited UVB this summer. Andres
Hernandez. Punta Arenas, Chile; Zhiquiang Gao, Beijing, China,
and Jim Kerr, retired head of ozone monitoring and research at
Environment Canada.
GIFTS TO NREL
GIFTS TO NREL: NREL would like to thank
the many donors who have contributed to our Excellence in Enhancing
Global Connections endowment, which was started by matching funds
from Dr. Francis E. Clark. This endowment will
be used to support bridge salary for scientists and other financial
needs which cannot be accommodated by NREL’s base of federal
grant funding. The fund has now reached over $145,000. If you are
interested in contributing to this exciting endowment, please contact Neil
Shropshire (neil@nrel.colostate.edu or
970-491-5645) for more information.
PEOPLE
New Arrivals
 This
has been a very “productive” summer for many NREL staff
and students. A big congratulations to:
Joe vonFischer, wife Colleen Webb, and big sister Josie welcomed
William Joseph “Liam” von Fischer on March 5th weighing
7 lbs 9oz and 20.5.”
Jayashree Ratnam and Mahesh
Sankaran welcomed the birth of their
5 lb 4 oz and 18.5” son Sidharth Ratnam Mahesh on April 9th.
Eleanor Elizabeth Sherman, 7 lbs 7.5 oz, 20” long, was born
on May 3rd to Jill Lackett and Stephen Sherman.
Ava Carole Hicke was born July 3rd to Jeff and Diana Hicke, big
sister Laurel. She was 5 lb 12 oz and 18.5" long.
Shauna and Glenn Burnsilver were excited to welcome their son
Silas Redding Burnsilver on July 14th. He weighed 7 lbs and was
19 3/4" long.
Elias Avery Oropeza was born to Jill and Maelly
on Sept. 12th. He was a “big” surprise weighing in
at 8 lb. 14 oz.
Marriages
Catherine Crosier married David Jarnevich on May 29, 2005.
Alycia Waters married Nick Crall on July 23, 2005.
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