The LUTEA Training Workshop was held in Ulaanbataar, Mongolia, June 1 - 13, 1998. Mr. Khudulmur, the Director Information and Computer Centre of the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment hosted the meeting during the two weeks. The training workshop provided an opportunity to learn various techniques used in land use and cover change analysis. The participants came from a variety of disciplines including social scientists studying nomadic pastoral land use systems, remote sensing specialists characterizing land cover patterns, forest ecologist studying forest management, and biogeochemists interested in the feedback between land use and carbon dynamics. These 18 young scientists came from a variety of LUTEA countries including China, Korea, Mongolia, Russia and the United States. The workshop instructors came from several research facilities active in global change studies, these were the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USGS EROS Data Center, CIESIN, and the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory at Colorado State University.
The techniques covered during the training course included remote sensing, geographical information systems, and ecosystem modeling. Each of the participants was given an opportunity to use databases and models provided to develop land use maps, develop land cover maps from AVHRR data, and to model various ecosystems. The participants were successful in completing the training tasks and enjoyed learning from each other, as well as from the instructors. The objective of the workshop was to provide an integrated set of research tools for land use studies and provide a platform for integrating information derived from different disciplines and sectors.
The remote sensing sessions were instructed by Jesslyn Brown (Sioux Falls, EROS Data Center, USGS) and Jacqueline Kendall (Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA). The students were given an opportunity to develop land cover maps based on AVHRR data provided by the scientists at the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment at Ulaanbaatar and brought from Goddard and EROS Data Center. Techniques in working with remote sensing data and developing land surface images were presented by Jesslyn Brown. Use of AVHRR and other remote sensing data for detection of land cover change due to fires, drought, cropland conversion was illustrated. The students were provided hands-on experience with current software used by other satellite receiving stations such as the NASA Goddard Center.
The Geographic Information System portion of the workshop was taught by Dr. Liu Chuang. She provided instruction on how to prepare various map layers using a portion of China data base provided by CIESIN. Land cover maps, roads, water ways, and political boundaries were used at the workshop to develop new maps of land use potential and vulnerability of different regions to land use changes. Issues related to scaling of political or geographical data with physical data were discussed and the students were given examples of how these data sets can be integrated. The students were asked to prepare a series of maps for the China data sets and these analyses were used to discuss the merits of using remote sensing data and social data for land use studies.
The ecosystem modeling component was taught by Dennis Ojima and Chuluun Togothyn and presented material that developed the need information and techniques for modeling various ecosystems and land use management practices. The participants were introduced to concepts related to integration of field studies with modeling, model verification and validation, and scaling from site to regional analysis. The participants were provided copies of the Century model and files which were prepared for modeling different Temperate East Asian ecosystems from deciduous forests, grasslands, deserts, and croplands. The participants were asked to develop a study that developed a hypothesis related to land use and global change and to use Century to develop model experiments to evaluate the hypotheses. Presentations of these studies were made on the last day. Examples of the papers presented included grazing studies in the Mongolian steppe, forest succession in Korean mountains, conversion of degraded cropland to a grassland in the semiarid region of China. The participants included material in how these modeling studies would incorporate the remote sensing and geographic information techniques as part of the experimental design. During each phase of the training workshop the students worked in small teams to produce short papers which utilized the techniques presented in the training segment. Presentations were made of these projects, in order for all participants to share their expertise with others. These set of presentations proved to very useful in both practicing techniques recently learned during the training course, but also to provide an exchange of research knowledge between the diverse group present.
In additional to the hands-on training, the course also made a short field trip to a Mongolian camp in a mountain area outside of Ulaanbaatar. We spent a day learning about Mongolian pastoral life and the natural beauty of the Mongolian landscapes. We were able to learn about various grazing systems and to learn about the forest-steppe ecosystems which include larch as the forest species. We also used the opportunity to interact with the Mongolian scientific community involved in land use and land cover change studies. We organized a joint Meeting of the Mongolian scientists and workshop participants to discuss the LUTEA activities and how to promote it in conditions of Mongolia.
The workshop was made a success due to the donation of several computer workstations and PC's to the remote sensing group in the Ministry of Nature and Environment and other Mongolian Institutes of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences through a joint Japanese and US donations. Funding for the workshop was provided by START and APN. Additional support came from NASA, USGS, US Embassy and the Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment. We hope to see the workshop fellows continue to collaborate with LUTEA research studies in the future and will attempt to facilitate this with additional research efforts.
S. Khudulmur, Director
Information and Computer Center
Ministry for Nature and Environment
Khudaldaany Str. -5
Ulaanbaatar 11
Mongolia
Phone: 976 1 326649
Fax: 976 1 329968
Email: mtt@magicnet.mn
Brown, Jesslyn
USGS / EROS Data Center
Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA
Phone: 1 605 594 6003
Fax: 1 605 594 6529
Email: jbrown@edcmail.cr.usgs.gov
Kendall, Jackie
Code 923
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Building 28, Room W120G
Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
Phone: 1 301 286 6351
Fax: 1 301 286 1775
Email: jackie@hades.gsfc.nasa.gov
Liu Chuang
Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network
2250 Pierce Road
University Center, MI 48710 USA
Phone: 1 517 797 2638
Fax: 1 517 797 2622
Email: lchuang@ciesin.org
Ojima, Dennis
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory
Colorado State University
B229 Natural and Environmental Sciences Bldg.
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1499 USA
Phone: 1 970 491 1976
Fax: 1 970 491 1965
Email: dennis@nrel.colostate.edu
Togtohyn CHULUUN
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory
Colorado State University
A211 Natural and Environmental Sciences Bldg.
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1499 USA
Phone: 1 970 491 1609
Fax: 1 970 491 1965
Email: chuluun@nrel.colostate.edu
BAYASGALAN, Mijiddorjiin
Information and Computer Center
Ministry for nature and environment
Khudaldaany gudamj 5
Ulaanbaatar 11
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 329984
Fax: 976 1 329968
Email: mtt@magicnet.mn
BOLORTSETSEG, Boldyn
Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology
Ministry of Nature and Environment
Khudaldaany gudamj 5
Ulaanbaatar 11
MONGOLIA
Phone/fax: 976 1 326 611
Email: meteoins@magicnet.mn
ENKHBAT, Donchinbuugiin
Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology
Ministry of Nature and Environment
Khudaldaany gudamj 5
Ulaanbaatar 11
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 326603
Fax: 976 1 312655
Email: enkhbat@mailcity.com
ENKHTUYA, Bazarradnaagiin
Plant Science and Agricultural Research and Training Institute
Darhan
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 037 27144
Fax: 976 037 27144
ERDENECHIMEG, Bayaryn
Center for Nomadic Pastoralism Studies
Institute of Geo-ecology
Ulaanbaatar 210620
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 325 509
Fax: 976 1 321 862
Email: geograph@magicnet.mn
ERDENETUYA, Magsaryn
Information and Computer Center
Ministry for nature and environment
Khudaldaany gudamj 5
Ulaanbaatar 11
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 329984
Fax: 976 1 329968
Email: mtt@magicnet.mn
Klimanova, Oxana
Department of Geography
Moscow State University
Moscow 119146
RUSSIA
Phone: 7 095 939 3842 / 7 095 238 6108
Email: klofo@glasnet.ru
Lee, Dowon
Program of Environmental Management
Graduate School of Environmental Studies
Seoul National University
56-1 Sinlim-dong
Seoul 152-742
SOUTH KOREA
Phone: 82 02 880 5650
Fax: 82 02 887 5109
Email: leedw@plaza.snu.ac.kr
Levit, Olga
Laboratory of Ecology of Arid Areas
Institute of Ecology and Evolution
Russian Academy of Sciences
Pyatnitskaya str., 47, Bldng 3.
Moskow 109917
Russia
Phone: 7 095 953 0713
Fax: 7 095 954 5534
Email: pgunin@glas.apc.org
Li Ying
Graduate School of Geography
Clark University
950 Main St. Worcester, MA 01610 USA
Phone: 1 508 799 5837 (h)/ 1 508 849 2318
Fax: 1 508 793 8842
Email: ylil@clarku.edu
Luo Di
Division of renewable resources
Institute of Remote Sensing Applications
Chinese Academy of Sciences
P.O.Box 9718
Datun Road, Anwai
Beijing 100101
P. R. CHINA
Phone: 86 10 6488 9205
Fax: 86 10 6491 5035
Email: zdafang@irsa.irsa.ac.cn / liujy@irsa.irsa.ac.cn
NARANTUYA, Naidangiin
Institute of Biological Sciences
Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Ulaanbaatar 51
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 451 837
Fax: 976 1 368 076
Email: instphys@mail.magicnet.mn
Shin, Joon Hwan
Forestry Research Institute
387 Esa-ri, Gaepo-myon, Yecheon-gun
Kyongsangbuk-do
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Phone: 82 2 961 2542
Fax: 82 2 967 5101 / 82 2 961 2543
Email: kecology@chollian.dacom.co.kr
SHURENTUYA, Begzsurengiin
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory
Colorado State University
B218 Natural and Environmental Sciences Bldg.
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1499 USA
Phone: 1 970 491 5630
Fax: 1 970 491 1965
Email: chuluun@nrel.colostate.edu
Siqing Chen
Laboratory of Quantative Vegetation Ecology
Institute of Botany
Chinese Academy of Sciences
20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan
Beijing 100093
P. R. CHINA
Phone: 86 10 6259 1431 ext. 6276
Fax: 86 10 6259 0843
Email: lqve@public2.bta.net.cn
TSOLMON, Gombosurengiin
Land Resource Division
Institute of Geo-Ecology
Mongoian Academy of Sciences
Baruun Selbe 13
Ulaanbaatar 211238
MONGOLIA
Phone: 976 1 325487
Fax: 976 1 325487
Wang Yexu
Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources
Chinese Academy of Sciences
3 Datun Road
CERN, P.O.Box 9717
Beijing 100101
P.R. CHINA
Phone: 86 10 6494 8463/86 10 6488 9751
Fax: 86 10 6493 1870
Email: wyx@cern.ac.cn
Zhang Jiahua
Department of Global Environment Change
Institute of Remote Sensing Applications
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing 100101-9718
P. R. CHINA
Phone: 86 10 64889215
Fax: 86 10 64915035
Email: test@irsa.irsa.ac.cn
22-23 MAY 1997
Summary of Scoping Meeting 22-23 May 1997
Brad Reed, Scope and Progress of the Global 1km Land Cover Project; Zhu Zhiliang, the Current Status of the Eurasian Land Cover Map; Grasslands of Asia and North America, Larry Tieszen and Dennis Ojima; Russian - Mongolian Study, T. Chuluun, G. Eredenejav, S. Khudulmur, Anatoly Andreev, Anatoly Prishchepa; China Social Science Database Development, Gary Johnston - CIESIN/SEDAC; Japan/Mongolian Grassland Study, H. Yamamoto - Chiba University; China Land Use and Demographic Analysis, Antoinette Wannabo; China Land Cover Analysis, Yu Zhiqian; China Grass Land Cover, Shi Pei Jun; Asian Land Cover Studies, David Hastings - Noaa/NDDC; Pastoral Land Use Change, Kevin Price/ Lindsey Christensen; Remote Sensing Applications and Developments in India, KVS Badarinath.
Summaries of the presentations are attached at the end of this document.
The working group discussed the procedure for progressing toward completion of the TEAL classification, mapping, and publication materials. It was decide that Laura Stretch and Zhu Zhiliang will serve as the project leaders during the three weeks of the working group study (May 27 - June 13). Laura Stretch has agreed to be responsible to maintain work schedule and to coordinate efforts between the working groups and the Principal Investigators (Ojima and Tieszen). Zhu Zhiliang has agreed to be responsible for land cover reprocessing and technical aspects related to issues involving possible discrepancies in the SLCR data base of the Eurasian product. Both Stretch and Zhu will see that consistency among approaches to the study is maintained and that meticulous documentation and annotations of work conducted will be maintained. Stretch and Zhu have also agree to convene daily briefings with the land cover group leaders (see land cover groups below) and with the whole group to maintain communication among the participants. These meetings are designed to provide a greater flow of information among the participants and enhance efficiency of the evaluation of the SLRC classes.
The working group decided that a division of labor be made so that three groups were identified to work on different thematic areas of the land cover classes. These are:
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Cropland: Haiyan (group leader), Erendenjav, Anatoly Andreev |
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Grassland: Chuluun (group leader), Yamamoto, Anatoly, Prischepa |
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Forest: Zhu (group leader), Khudulmur, Yu |
In the development of the TEAL land cover data base, we need to consider the following issues:
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Outliers and mis-classed pixels |
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Take careful documentation of changes and modifications of the shifts in land cover classes and pixels |
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Remember that we are after a regional product not a country based on, that at the end of the month we should have a classification system that is consistent across the region of temperate east Asia. |
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Make use of time series for each classes and the geographic distributions of pixels |
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Take note of validation efforts by using areal estimates of land covers or checks against other published material at sub-regional scale |
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Error Detection of mislabeled cells |
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Make use of existing paper and digital maps. (Note: We have prepared several digital maps of China and Mongolia for this study, please check with Laura Stretch, T. Chuluun and Liu Haiyan about these.) |
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Evaluate SLCR classes in the TEA region. |
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Develop TEAL classes based on SLCR (to be completed by June 5) |
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Translate TEAL classes into Olson classes (to be completed by June 6) |
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Initiate reprocessing of SLCR for the TEAL and GANA regions (to be started June 3) |
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Redefine classes for the TEAL and GANA regions (to be started June 5) |
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Finalize products for CD June 10 (this to include information listed below in the products list) |
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Digital maps for TEA Region |
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Classification scheme for TEA Region and conversion to Olson types |
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Documentation of Methods, Class Lineages, and Vegetation and/or plant community information with citations where appropriate. |
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Time Series of 12 months NDVI data and statistics for each class |
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Publication of manuscript for the TEAL database (synthesis paper on the TEAL map and classes) |
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Website for TEAL working group (most likely under the LUTEA homepage) |
The overall purpose of the meeting:
DEFINE THE VARIOUS NEEDS OF LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION SCHEME FOR THE TEMPERATE EAST ASIA (TEA) REGION
The specific tasks required include:
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to develop a regional land cover map for the semiarid region of Asia; |
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to facilitate information exchange among various research groups utilizing these data bases; |
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to provide an analysis of similarities and differences in traditional maps and those derived from remote sensing analysis. |
Among the different projects investigating land use and land cover changes in the TEA region, land cover classification of the existing ecosystems are not consistently defined. At the Land Use in Temperate East Asian Workshop held in Kyoto November of 1996, it was identified that land cover data sets for analysis of land use change is a very important component of the Land Use in Temperate East Asia Project (LUTEA). Admittedly, the land cover classification required for different projects need to be project specific, a methodology for formulating the classification scheme would be useful in order to inter-compare studies and to develop different aggregations of land cover types from existing ones.
The 1km AVHRR land cover product provides a means to evaluate land cover types over the entire globe. The Temperate East Asian Land-cover (TEAL) products should be useful for a variety of studies ranging from meteorological studies of land surface exchange of water and energy to social-economic studies that use land cover information to link to land use practices across a region. However, it is not expected that a single land cover scheme would serve all purposes equally well. So an evaluation of the various land cover products and definition of different land cover schemes that have a basis from a common, traceable heritage would be desirable. The TEAL workshop and working group is charged with the development of this set of land cover products for the Asian region.
Currently, land cover products from the 1km AVHRR data has been classified at various land cover aggregations. The range from the IGBP 16 classification which appears to be adequate for the climate modeling community, but is not useful for biogeochemical or social economic applications used in the TEA region. At the other extreme, the base classification which is defined from the seasonal attributes of the AVHRR monthly composites is a classification scheme that has approximately 200 categories, many of which are geographic variants of similar ecosystem types. However, how one defines a particular ecosystem type is very much dependent on the research objective of a specific study. So what is needed is a methodology that is able to define land cover classes for various studies that can be related systematically to other land cover classification schemes.
We have convened a group of experts from China, Japan, Mongolia, and Russia to evaluate the Temperate East Asian land cover products. These experts will work on the data base from May 19 to June 13, 1997.
WORKSHOP ON TEMPERATE EAST ASIA
LANDCOVER (TEAL)
22-23 MAY 1997
DENNIS OJIMA AND LARRY TIESZEN
THUR. MAY 22
8:30 BEGIN WORKSHOP AT EDC
INTRODUCTIONS
INTRODUCTION-OVERVIEW OF LUTEA AND TEAL
OBJECTIVE OF WORKSHOP AND WORKING GROUP
9:00 EDC LAND COVER PROJECT
OVERALL SCOPE - BRAD REED
9:30 BREAK
10:00 ASIAN EFFORT - ZHU
12:00 LUNCH
1:00 ASSOCIATED TEMPERATE EAST ASIAN LAND COVER PROJECTS
GRASSLANDS OF ASIA AND NORTH AMERICA
LARRY TIESZEN/DENNIS OJIMA
RUSSIAN - MONGOLIAN STUDY
T. CHULUUN - NREL/AUGUSTANA COLLEGE
CHINA SOCIAL SCIENCE DATABASE DEVELOPMENT
GARY JOHNSTON - CIESIN/SEDAC
JAPAN/MONGOLIAN GRASSLAND STUDY
YAMAMOTO - CHIBA UNIVERSITY
CHINA LAND USE AND DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
ANTOINETTE WANNEBO - GISS
CHINA LAND COVER ANALYSIS
YU ZHIQIAN - IRSACAS
CHINA GRASS LAND COVER
SHI PEI JUN - BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY
ASIAN LAND COVER STUDIES
DAVID HASTINGS - NOAA/NGDC
PASTORAL LAND USE CHANGE
LINDSEY CHRISTENSEN - COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY AND KEVIN PRICE - U. KANSAS
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIA
KVS BADARINATH
5:00 DISCUSSION ENDS
6:30 WORKING DINNER
FRIDAY MAY 23
8:30 DISCUSSION OF LAND COVER REQUIREMENTS
What will these data products be used for? What are the common elements of the land cover data products? Need to come up with recommendations for appropriate scale of land cover products?
ANCILLARY DATA AVAILABLE
What are the ancillary data available? How will these be used?
VALIDATION DATA
What sites are validation data available, how will these be used?
NOON LUNCH BREAK
1:00 METHODOLOGY
Strategy for development of land cover products
4:00 FINAL WRAP-UP (ACTION ITEMS)
5:00 ADJOURN
Quote of the day:
"Walk through life with a good heart and you will run with success". Fortune cookie fortune, Sioux Falls, SD May 21, 1997
Sponsors: IGBP, START, NASA, USGS
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Use of Defries and Townsend paper land cover analysis |
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NIGEC proposal on land cover seasonal dynamics vs tower fluxes relative to TM and AVHRR (10d composite vs daily dynamics) |
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NASA proposal: use of climate information to use with phenological metrics for land cover analysis |
Hastings:
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IGBP land cover validation efforts led by Jack Estes from UCSB will incorporate stratified sampling of TM for only a selected number of sites Garret Goodman: Use of correlations with GVI product (non-pathfinder) and precipital water index for 8 years of data documentation with approximately 8.6 minutes resolution or about 13km at equator |
Zhu:
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China land cover maps October meeting National Bureau of Remote Sensing in Beijing, 14-18 Oct 1997 |
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land cover classes seasonal classes 255 classes for all Europe, Asia |
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in twelve month composites difficulties with single, double, triple cropping systems |
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defining the impact of monsoon patterns from Pacific vs Indian Oceans on land cover |
Afternoon
GANA study
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climate and land use impacts on the grasslands of Asia and north America |
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Soil Organic Matter analysis |
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13-C analysis |
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remote sensing |
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Century model analysis |
Erdenjav:
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ecosystem studies in Mongolia; three sections: -1960 pristine grasslands and nomadic pastoral use; |
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grassland studies during joint Russian- Mongolia study, 1:2.5m soil, 1:1m vegetation map; |
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survey data at detailed sites (1:100000). Forest steppe, steppe, Gobi desert steppe vegetation along N-S transect area. |
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20 y plant and soil dynamics data sets. since 1960's agriculture development took place, 60-70 percent of Mongolian croplands in Selenge river basin, since 1990 land intensification and privatization in Mongolia |
Khudulmur
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Vegetation, soil, forest, maps table |
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1:1m landscape, soil, forest |
Anatoly Prischepa
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current ecosystems of Mongolia (see paper of development) |
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1:1m scale status of current condition and extent |
Andreev
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electronic version of map |
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Kazakstan and middle Asia book translated in Russian and English |
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detailed Moscow map 1:200000 |
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fragmentation patterns of land use areas, small heterogeneous land cover classes that define mosaics |
Gary Johnson
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CIESIN / SEDAC work with Bob Chen and Liu Chuang |
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China in Time and Space (CITAS) project |
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Shenyang case study area |
Yamamoto
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Mandalgobi: low, but representative NDVI |
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1997 summer field schedule is set for July 14 to 8 August in Mongolia near Mandlagobi |
Badarinath
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Related research efforts at the Remote Sensing Center in Hydrabad, India |
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IRS1-IRS3 data resources can be useful for natural resource use |
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mapping of land use land cover for agro-climatic regions 1:250000 using IRS |
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43% or 142 M ha of agricultural lands (wet cropland) |
Antoinette Wannabo
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IIASA Land Use Change study with crop/forest/grassland |
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model analysis with CERES/Century/Core model |
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Tri-academy project: demographic study |
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China-US-India comparison |
Focus on:
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Po river delta and Jeta basin, China |
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Corella and Hariana, India |
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Florida and Chicago, USA |
Yu
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land use mapping for China for the period around 1990 |
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1:500000 in the west |
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1:250000 in the east half of china |
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Guangdong province urban change increases and forest land cover increases from the 1980's to the 1990's |
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need to develop land use input and management information |
Shi Peijun
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land cover mapping using 1km data base that was developed using 92-93 avhrr data, but came up with a 20 set land cover veg class using climate, topo, land use information for developing the classifications |
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vegetation cover is more detailed than land cover data base has about 40 classes for China |
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Monitoring land resource for grazing systems using monthly max NDVI for estimating biomass levels, distinguish the meadow, typical, and desert steppe, also shrub steppe area |
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temporal signal from different veg types using ndvi pattern using gac data |
Hastings
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NOAA Data Centers and IGU NGDC integration data base philosophy that can be developed for global ecosystem 2 will be distributed |
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30 sec digital data set that provides the mean, max, min plus SW corner that includes the integration of 100 - 3 sec grid cells |
Price
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China land cover maps |
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GAC data analysis of Asia from Tibet to Japan, Baikal to South China, climate relationship to GAC data dynamics 1982 to 1994 |
Lindsey
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social data survey, herder interviews |
This page coded by Karen Shibuya and is © NREL 1999. It was last updated Friday, October 15, 1999 02:17:27 PM